At the same time, the focus of value creation shifted from land to capital. This is when people moved from working on farms to working in factories and from living in the countryside to living in cities. Steam launched mechanisation (what we’d call automation today) and – a century later – it launched modern globalisation via railroads and steamships. The tech impulse behind the Great Transformation was steam power.
The first is called the Great Transformation, following the influential work of Karl Polanyi.
But the first step in thinking clearly about the future of work is to look at the historical transformations of work.įundamental economic realities have been upended twice in the last three centuries.
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